Hover Travel and you may Bee Travel Types Range

Bee Types Variety

Out-of 2009 to 2018, 192 bee variety (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila) have been stuck during the Calanques National Park through each other web and pan trap stuff. It belonged so you can half a dozen families and you can 38 genera. Megachilidae is more types-steeped family unit members, accompanied by Apidae and you can Halictidae, that have 53, 49, and you will 43 varieties, correspondingly. Andrena Fabricius, 1775 try this new richest genus, having 33 varieties, while seven genera was basically illustrated of the only one kinds (Stelis Panzer, 1806; Protosmia Ducke, 1900; Pseudoanthidium Friese, 1898; Coelioxys Latreille, 1809; Chelostoma Latreille, 1809; Anthidiellum Cockerell, 1904; Amegilla Friese, 1897; Panurgus Panzer, 1806; Supp Dining table 1 [online simply] ). Using the jackknife step one and dos indexes, the total bee species fullness was estimated to get ranging from ± 9.89 and you may ± . The brand new noticed richness thus portrayed 71.step 3 so you’re able to 79.6% of estimated bee fullness ( Dining table 2). The new Chao1 approach projected this new noticed fullness becoming 76.8% of the potential maximum richness ( Dining table 2). The most plentiful variety was Apis mellifera L. (276 people), followed closely by Rhodanthidium septemdentatum (Latreille, 1809), Rh. sticticum (Fabricius, 1787) (174 and you will 168 somebody, respectively), https://datingranking.net/uniform-dating/ and you will Lasioglossum transitorium (Shenck, 1868) (113 individuals). Ultimately, 50 types (26%) have been depicted from the only one individual (singletons).

Environmental Qualities away from Bees

Regarding the environmental characteristics from nesting choice, we identified 59 solitary bee types nesting over soil, ninety five solitary bee varieties nesting below ground and you can 23 cleptoparasitic species, add up to 31.7, 47.nine, and you may 12.0% of one’s complete bee kinds richness, respectively. We sensed five societal varieties (bumble bees and you will honey bees-2.1%). Eventually, the latest nesting choice off fourteen variety are nevertheless not familiar (7.3%- Supp Desk step one [on the internet just] ). Regarding your floral eating plan away from bee types, i learned that 105 kinds (54.7%) foraged with the a wide range of bush species (i.elizabeth., generalist variety, polylectic) and you will 51 species (twenty six.5%) foraged using one bush friends or one/few plant kinds (i.e., specialist species, oligolectic). Toward leftover 36 bee varieties (18.8%), the latest flowery diet was not identified (e.grams., to have cleptoparasitic variety). Yet not, really generalist kinds demonstrated a choice for example or several bush parents ( Supp Table step one [on the web only] ). With the 44 singletons, fourteen bee kinds (28%) was pros, and you will 9 bee variety (18%) had been cleptoparasitic ( Supp Table 1 [on the web merely] ).

An enthusiastic IUCN reputation try readily available for 178 types (excluding the brand new species complexes and you will unknown types). One particular, 47 variety was basically classified as studies deficient (DD-twenty-six.4%), 124 types were the very least worried (LC-69.6%), six varieties have been close threatened (NT-step three.4%; Andrena ovatula (Kirby, 1802), Colletes albomaculatus (Lucas, 1849), Dasypoda argentata Panzer, 1809, Halictus quadricinctus (Fabricius, 1776), Lasioglossum prasinum (Smith, 1848), and you will L. pygmaeum (Schenck, 1853)), and something varieties is noticed endangered (EN-0.6%; L. soror (Saunders, 1901)- Supp Desk 1 [online just] ). Around three oligolectic types was basically one of many eight endangered bee species. A. ovatula and you may C. albomaculatus are professionals towards Fabaceae, D. argentata are an expert into Caprifoliaceae.

From 2009 in order to 2018, 38 types of hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) were stuck from inside the Calanques Federal Playground. They belonged so you’re able to 24 genera ( Supp Table 2 [online just] ). The quintessential numerous genera was basically Paragus Latreille, 1804 (33 someone), Meliscaeva Frey, 1946 (14 someone), and you may Sphaerophoria Lepeletier de- Saint-Fargeau Audinet-Serville from inside the Latreille, 1828 (thirteen somebody), while 20 types (53%) was in fact depicted of the only 1 private ( Supp Desk 2 [on line simply] ). The latest bee flies (Diptera: Bombyliidae) was in fact portrayed from the 20 variety, and four singletons (25%) ( Supp Table step three [on the web merely] ). The fresh new quote of complete types fullness off hover flies and you may bee flies is anywhere between 83 and you may 97 species utilising the jackknife step one and dos indexes, correspondingly. Thus, the newest seen richness portrayed 59.8–69.9% of the estimated hover travel and you may bee fly richness ( Dining table 2).