Researchers of several nationalities have studied what grows

It’s not just holidaymakers who like to climb to altitude to enjoy the mountain climate. Plants too, especially exotic plants. This is revealed by a vast international study involving the National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS).

Researchers of several nationalities have studied what grows on eleven mountain ranges around the world. And they found that over the past ten years, the number of exotic plant species has increased by 16% on the sides of these mountains. We are not talking here about palm trees or cactus, but about non-local plants. They are imported recently by locals or tourists, and depending on the country, they are not the same. The broom, a plant with yellow flowers well known to us, is for example an exotic plant that is gaining ground in South America. In Europe, in the Alps, it is the many-leaved lupine, a plant with pink or purple bells that takes its ease, but it is originally from North America.

What is striking now is that with global warming, not only are these exotic species still settling a little higher in altitude each year. But in addition, they take local plants by surprise because they climb faster than them. In the Alps, for example, they climb five times faster than local plants and gain 10 meters in altitude each year on average.

Exotic plants “stronger” than native species
These exotic plants are very opportunistic in their ascent. They use roads and hiking trails. On the one hand because on these axes, the seeds stick to the wheels of cars or the shoes of hikers and above all: “A road built by man is also an ecosystem that has been disturbed. The plant community local is no longer as good at controlling intruders. So along the roads, in a weakened ecosystem, exotic species are stronger than native species at colonizing space,” explains Jonathan Lenoir, CNRS researcher in ecology, who has participated in this work.

It is a problem that these exotic plants are better climbers than their local cousins ​​because there is a risk that some will become invasive and harm the local flora. It is still too early to identify those that will pose a problem, so scientists will continue to observe what happens, but their work also shows the importance in the mountains of natural areas, without roads, for preserving local biodiversity.

Coastal erosion: coastal municipalities do not have to “pay the consequences of climate change alone”, launches the association of coastal mayors
For Yannick Moreau, president of the National Association of Coastal Mayors, the destruction of a beachfront building in Gironde, a symbol of the erosion of seaside constructions, raises the question of public investment in the face of consequences of climate change.

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“It is not” for the municipalities of the coast “to pay alone the consequences of climate change”, launches Friday February 3 on franceinfo Yannick Moreau, president of the national association of mayors of the coast, while must be destroyed this Friday “The Signal”, a beachfront building in Soulac-sur-Mer (Gironde), threatened by coastal erosion. Indeed, while the building was originally built 200 meters from the shore, it is only about twenty meters 56 years later. “The dune even retreated 30 meters just with the storm Xynthia” in 2010, explains Yannick Moreau. According to the mayor of Sables-d’Olonne (Vendée), the Girondin building has become “a symbol of erosion”, but also “a symptom of this natural phenomenon, accelerated by climate change,

Coastal erosion: the government targets 126 municipalities deemed to be priorities

The destruction of the “Signal” also foreshadows “a number of difficult situations in certain French coastlines where habitats and public facilities are threatened by erosion and climate change”, warns Yannick Moreau. Faced with numerous alerts from scientists, in particular through the reports of the IPCC, the city councilor recalls that we “have a few decades to prepare and adapt” to the consequences of global warming.

Expected government announcements
Adapting the French coasts will represent “a few tens of billions of euros of public investment”, estimates the president of the national association of mayors of the coast. But he refuses that this be supported only by the “eight million inhabitants of the French coasts”. Yannick Moreau therefore pleads for the creation of “a dedicated fund which will be the expression of national solidarity to help us relocate, rebuild and compensate”. He denounces the current system which means that “it is no longer the State which is responsible for combating erosion, but the municipalities which are on the front line of climate change”.

However, Yannick Moreau assures him, “coastal municipalities cannot be held solely responsible for climate change which is accelerating erosion” and this fight against global warming cannot be based “simply on the finances of local authorities”. The president of the national association of coastal mayors is therefore awaiting announcements from the Minister for Ecological Transition, Christophe Béchu, and the Secretary of State for Ecology, Bérangère Couillard, visiting Soulac this Friday. -he sea.